Rivers
The rich network of rivers in Sri Lanka make the island an oasis at any time of year, naturally watering the paradise garden with its splendid heritage. The highest concentration of rivers and lakes is found in the south-west of the country, making it possibly the most fertile area in Sri Lanka.
Flüsse
Die Flüsse Sri Lankas entspringen im zentralen Hochland. Von dort fließen sie in die Ebenen und münden ins Meer. In ihren Oberläufen sind die Flüsse meist nicht schiffbar und fließen schnell und turbulent durch stark erodierte Passagen in die darunter liegende Ebene. Viele Flüsse stürzen über steile Klippen und bilden spektakuläre Wasserfälle. In ihren Unterläufen schlängeln sich die Flüsse langsam durch Überschwemmungsgebiete und Deltas.
Der längste Fluss Sri Lankas, der Mahaweli, legt eine Strecke von etwa 330 km zurück. Er fließt nordostwärts durch das zentrale Hochland und mündet in der Nähe des Hafens von Trincomalee an der Ostküste in den Golf von Bengalen. Der zweitlängste Fluss des Landes ist der Aravi Aru, der etwa 220 km nordwestlich vom zentralen Hochland bis zum Golf von Mannar fließt.
Sri Lanka hat keine natürlichen Seen . Staudämme am Mahaweli und anderen Flüssen haben große Wasserreservoirs geschaffen. Darüber hinaus gibt es in den zentralen Nordebenen eine Reihe kleinerer Reservoirs, sogenannter Tanks, die während der Trockenzeit Wasser speichern. Einige dieser Tanks wurden bereits vor 2.000 Jahren angelegt.
Große Teile Sri Lankas sind trocken und haben nur wenige permanente Flüsse. Die „Feuchtzone“ im Südwesten ist jedoch durch zahlreiche Flüsse gekennzeichnet, die in den Hochgebirgen im Zentrum der Insel entspringen. Diese vielfältigen Flusseinzugsgebiete beherbergen endemische Populationen von Wasserpflanzen, Muscheln und Fischen.
Zu den bekannten Süßwasserarten Sri Lankas zählen 90 Fischarten (davon 26 endemische) und 21 Krabben. Laufende Studien lassen jedoch darauf schließen, dass die Zahl der unbeschriebenen Arten möglicherweise recht groß ist.
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Mahaweli RiverExplore the majestic Mahaweli River, Sri Lanka’s longest river, offering serene boat rides and opportunities for birdwatching and nature adventures along its winding course through scenic valleys.
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Kelani RiverThe Kelani River is a 145-kilometre-long (90 mi) river in Sri Lanka. It flows through or borders the Sri Lankan districts of Nuwara Eliya, Ratnapura, Kegalle, Gampaha and Colombo.
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Kalu GangaKalu Ganga is a river in Sri Lanka. Measuring 129 km (80 mi) in length. The mountainous forests in the Province and the Sinharaja Forest Reserve are the main sources of water for the river.
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Walawe RiverThe southern region of Sri Lanka is exalted by a bushel of enthralling and glorified rivers and the Walawe River is one of them. Gently flowing through the Udawalawe National Park, the Walawe River provides water for a multitude of species of mesmerising fauna.
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Deduru OyaThe Deduru Oya Dam is an embankment dam built across the Deduru River in Kurunegala District of Sri Lanka. Built in 2014, the primary purpose of the dam is to retain approximately a billion cubic metres of water for irrigation purposes, which would otherwise flow out to sea.
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Malwathu OyaThe Malvathu River long river in Sri Lanka, connecting the city of Anuradhapura, which was the capital of the country for over 15 centuries, to the coast of Mannar. It currently ranks as the second longest river in the country, with a great historic significance.
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Kala OyaIt was around these ancient tank (water storage reservoir) irrigation systems that the economy and human settlements of early Sri Lankan society were organised into a “hydraulic civilization”.
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Gal OyaDiscover Gal Oya, a tranquil sanctuary in Sri Lanka, known for its lush landscapes, rich wildlife, and serene boat safaris, offering a peaceful retreat surrounded by nature and wildlife.
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Gin GangaThe Gin Ganga, is a 115.9 km (72 mi) long river situated in Galle District of Sri Lanka. The river's headwaters are located near Deniyaya, bordering the Sinharaja Forest Reserve.
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Kirindi OyaExperience the serene beauty of Kirindi Oya, a tranquil river in Sri Lanka. Enjoy scenic boat rides, lush landscapes, and opportunities for birdwatching, offering a peaceful escape into nature.
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Kumbukkan OyaThe Kumbukkan Oya is the twelfth-longest river of Sri Lanka. It is approximately 116 km (72 mi) long. Its catchment area receives approximately 2,115 million cubic metres of rain per year.
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Maduru OyaThe Maduru Oya is a major stream in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka. It is approximately 135 km (84 mi) in length. approximately 3,060 million cubic metres of rain per year
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Manik RiverExplore the peaceful Manik River, surrounded by lush greenery and rich wildlife. Enjoy scenic boat rides and nature walks, offering a serene and refreshing experience.
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Yan OyaThe Yan Oya, 142 km long and receives 2,371 million cubic meters of rainfall annually, with 17% flowing to the sea. Its catchment area covers 1,520 square kilometers.