Rivers
The rich network of rivers in Sri Lanka make the island an oasis at any time of year, naturally watering the paradise garden with its splendid heritage. The highest concentration of rivers and lakes is found in the south-west of the country, making it possibly the most fertile area in Sri Lanka.
Rivieren
De rivieren van Sri Lanka ontspringen in de centrale hooglanden. Van daaruit dalen ze af naar de vlakten en monden uit in de zee. De rivieren zijn doorgaans onbevaarbaar in hun hogere gedeelten, waar ze snel en turbulent door sterk geërodeerde passages naar de lager gelegen vlakten stromen. Veel rivieren dalen af langs steile kliffen en vormen spectaculaire watervallen. In hun lagere delen meanderen de rivieren langzaam door overstromingsvlakten en delta's.
De langste rivier van Sri Lanka, de Mahaweli, doorkruist een rivierloop van ongeveer 330 km (ongeveer 205 mijl). Hij stroomt in noordoostelijke richting door de centrale hooglanden en mondt uit in de Golf van Bengalen nabij de haven van Trincomalee, aan de oostkust. De op één na langste rivier van het land is de Aravi Aru, die een rivierloop van ongeveer 220 km (ongeveer 135 mijl) in noordwestelijke richting doorkruist, van de centrale hooglanden naar de Golf van Mannar.
Sri Lanka heeft geen natuurlijke meren. Dammen in de Mahaweli en andere rivieren hebben grote reservoirs gevormd. Daarnaast bevinden zich verspreid over de noordelijke centrale vlakten een aantal kleine reservoirs, tanks genaamd, die water opslaan tijdens het droge seizoen. Sommige van deze tanks werden wel 2000 jaar geleden aangelegd.
Een groot deel van Sri Lanka is droog en heeft slechts een paar permanente rivieren. De "natte zone" in het zuidwesten wordt echter gekenmerkt door talrijke rivieren die ontspringen in de hoge bergen van het centrale deel van het eiland. Deze diverse stroomgebieden herbergen endemische populaties waterplanten, tweekleppigen en vissen.
Tot de bekende zoetwatersoorten van Sri Lanka behoren 90 vissen (waarvan 26 endemische) en 21 krabben, maar lopende studies suggereren dat het aantal onbeschreven soorten mogelijk vrij groot is.
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Mahaweli RiverExplore the majestic Mahaweli River, Sri Lanka’s longest river, offering serene boat rides and opportunities for birdwatching and nature adventures along its winding course through scenic valleys.
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Kelani RiverThe Kelani River is a 145-kilometre-long (90 mi) river in Sri Lanka. It flows through or borders the Sri Lankan districts of Nuwara Eliya, Ratnapura, Kegalle, Gampaha and Colombo.
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Kalu GangaKalu Ganga is a river in Sri Lanka. Measuring 129 km (80 mi) in length. The mountainous forests in the Province and the Sinharaja Forest Reserve are the main sources of water for the river.
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Walawe RiverThe southern region of Sri Lanka is exalted by a bushel of enthralling and glorified rivers and the Walawe River is one of them. Gently flowing through the Udawalawe National Park, the Walawe River provides water for a multitude of species of mesmerising fauna.
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Deduru OyaThe Deduru Oya Dam is an embankment dam built across the Deduru River in Kurunegala District of Sri Lanka. Built in 2014, the primary purpose of the dam is to retain approximately a billion cubic metres of water for irrigation purposes, which would otherwise flow out to sea.
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Malwathu OyaThe Malvathu River long river in Sri Lanka, connecting the city of Anuradhapura, which was the capital of the country for over 15 centuries, to the coast of Mannar. It currently ranks as the second longest river in the country, with a great historic significance.
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Kala OyaIt was around these ancient tank (water storage reservoir) irrigation systems that the economy and human settlements of early Sri Lankan society were organised into a “hydraulic civilization”.
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Gal OyaDiscover Gal Oya, a tranquil sanctuary in Sri Lanka, known for its lush landscapes, rich wildlife, and serene boat safaris, offering a peaceful retreat surrounded by nature and wildlife.
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Gin GangaThe Gin Ganga, is a 115.9 km (72 mi) long river situated in Galle District of Sri Lanka. The river's headwaters are located near Deniyaya, bordering the Sinharaja Forest Reserve.
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Kirindi OyaExperience the serene beauty of Kirindi Oya, a tranquil river in Sri Lanka. Enjoy scenic boat rides, lush landscapes, and opportunities for birdwatching, offering a peaceful escape into nature.
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Kumbukkan OyaThe Kumbukkan Oya is the twelfth-longest river of Sri Lanka. It is approximately 116 km (72 mi) long. Its catchment area receives approximately 2,115 million cubic metres of rain per year.
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Maduru OyaThe Maduru Oya is a major stream in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka. It is approximately 135 km (84 mi) in length. approximately 3,060 million cubic metres of rain per year
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Manik RiverExplore the peaceful Manik River, surrounded by lush greenery and rich wildlife. Enjoy scenic boat rides and nature walks, offering a serene and refreshing experience.
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Yan OyaThe Yan Oya, 142 km long and receives 2,371 million cubic meters of rainfall annually, with 17% flowing to the sea. Its catchment area covers 1,520 square kilometers.