Camellia sinensis

Camellia sinensis is the evergreen shrub whose leaves and buds are used to produce all varieties of tea — black, green, white, and oolong. Native to East Asia, particularly China and India, this plant thrives in tropical and subtropical climates, often on mist-covered mountain slopes where rich soil and humidity enhance leaf quality.

The leaves of Camellia sinensis contain natural compounds such as catechins, caffeine, and theanine, which contribute to tea’s unique flavor, aroma, and health benefits. Depending on how the leaves are processed — through oxidation, drying, or fermentation — different tea types emerge, each with distinct color, taste, and antioxidant properties.

Beyond being a beverage plant, Camellia sinensis has deep cultural significance in many regions. From the Chinese tea ceremonies to the British afternoon tea tradition, it connects people across centuries and continents through ritual, relaxation, and social harmony.

Camellia sinensis is part of the catalog of ayurvedic medicinal plants of Sri Lanka.