Endemic Birds
Sri Lanka boasts a remarkable array of endemic birds, including the vibrant Sri Lanka Blue Magpie, the elusive Sri Lanka Whistling Thrush, and the striking Sri Lanka Junglefowl. With diverse habitats, the island fosters a unique avian biodiversity, making it a haven for birdwatching enthusiasts and conservation efforts.
Ceylon Hill Myna
Sri Lanka Mynah "Gracul ptilogenys" (Blyth, 1846)
The Sri Lanka Mynah differs from the Hill Mynah by being slightly larger and having only a single pair of wattles on its head. Commonly recognized calls include hyu, piau and peeoo both of which are shrilly whistled in a carrying high-pitched voice.
These birds are largely restricted to the wet zone forests of the central hills, between altitudes of around 300 and 1,600 meters. These mynahs usually travel in pairs or small groups of up to about six individuals, congregating however, in much larger numbers whenever a suitable tree is in fruit. Their diet consists almost entirely of fruits, in search of which they sometimes descend on to smaller trees. Otherwise, this is a canopy bird almost never coming down to the forest floor.
There are two breeding seasons, from March to May and again in August-September. Nesting is in tree hollows, usually high (7 – 15 meters) above the ground. Two lightly-spotted or blotched greenish blue eggs are laid, each about 33 x 25 mm. No nesting materials are used, the eggs being deposited on bare wood.
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Ceylon SpurfowlGalloperdix bicalcarata
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JunglefowlGallus lafayetii
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Ceylon WoodpigeonColumba torringtoniae
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Ceylon Green PigeonTreron pompadora
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Ceylon Hanging ParrotLoriculus beryllinus
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Layard’s ParakeetPsittacula calthrapae
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Red Faced MalkohaPhaenicophaeus pyrrhocephalus
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Green Billed CoucaCentropus chlororhynchos
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Serendib Scops OwlOtus thilohoffmanni
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Chestnut Backed Owlet$Glaucidium castanotum
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Ceylon Grey HornbillOcyceros gingalensis
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Crimson Backed FlamebackChrysocolaptes stricklandi
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Red backed flamebackDinopium psarodes
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Yellow Fronted BarbetPsilopogon flavifrons
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Crimson Fronted BarbetPsilopogon rubricapillus
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Ceylon Blue MagpieUrocissa ornata
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Black Capped BulbulRubigula melanictera
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Yellow Eared BulbulPycnonotus penicillatus
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Ceylon Crested DrongoDicrurus lophorinus
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Ceylon Bush WarblerElaphrornis palliseri
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Brown Capped BabblerPellorneum fuscocapillus
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Ceylon Scimitar BabblerPomatorhinus melanurus
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Ceylon Rufous BabblerArgya rufescens
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Ashy Headed LaughingthrushArgya cinereifrons
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Ceylon White EyeZosterops ceylonensis
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Ceylon Hill MynaGracula ptilogenys
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White Faced Starling$Sturnornis albofrontatus
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Ceylon Whistling ThrushMyophonus blighi
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Spot Winged Ground ThrushGeokichla spiloptera
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Ceylon Scaly ThrushZoothera imbricata
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Dusky Blue FlycatcherEumyias sordidus
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Legge's FlowerpeckerDicaeum vincens
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Ceylon WoodshrikeTephrodornis affinis
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Ceylon SwallowCecropis hyperythra