科内斯瓦拉姆神庙

科内斯瓦朗寺 科内斯瓦朗寺 科内斯瓦朗寺

科内斯瓦朗寺位于特林科马利，也称为提鲁科纳马莱·科内萨尔寺，是位于斯里兰卡东部省的经典中世纪印度教寺庙复合体，是一个印度教宗教朝圣地。它是斯里兰卡五大伊什瓦拉姆（印度教圣地）中最神圣的寺庙，主要在早期乔拉王朝和早期潘迪安王国的五个德拉维达王的统治下建造，位于科内萨尔马莱山顶，俯瞰着特林科马利区、戈卡尔纳湾和印度洋。其帕拉瓦、乔拉、潘迪安和贾夫纳风格反映了自古典时期以来，泰米尔教派影响在瓦尼迈地区的延续。纪念碑包含主要供奉湿婆神的神殿，湿婆的形象是科内-艾斯瓦尔，简称科内萨尔。该寺庙通过与马哈维利甘加河河口的湿婆足迹相连，象征性地皇冠了从湿婆的头部在凯尔阿山到脚部流淌的恒河。

自公元前205年起，最初的寺庙结合了多种关键特征，形成了基础的德拉维达寺庙设计，例如其千柱大厅——"艾亚拉姆·卡尔·曼达帕姆"——以及由国王埃拉拉·马努·尼迪·乔兰扩展的贾加提。由于其建筑风格，它被认为是当时最大的建筑，装饰有黑色花岗岩上的精美浮雕，而其多个金色的戈普拉姆塔楼在中世纪时期得到了扩建。它是山岬上三座主要印度教寺庙之一，巨大的戈普拉姆塔楼清晰地矗立在山岬的最高点。

朝圣者在城市中的旅程从科内萨尔路的入口开始，沿着一条道路穿过寺庙院落，朝着拜访的神明巴德拉卡利、加内什、毗湿奴·提尔玛尔、太阳神、罗摩、安巴尔·沙克蒂、穆尔坎和湿婆前进，湿婆神在山顶的寺庙中主宰着这里。每年举行的科内斯瓦朗寺特尔·提鲁维拉节包括特林科马利的巴德拉卡利寺庙、保存的帕帕那苏丘奈圣井的帕瓦纳萨姆·提尔塔姆以及环绕科内萨尔马莱的背湾海（提尔塔姆·卡拉特卡赖）。

斯里兰卡的贾加巴胡二世国王于1131年至1153年统治波隆纳鲁瓦，在《科内萨尔·卡尔韦图》一书中被描述为湿婆神的虔诚崇拜者和科内萨尔·马莱寺庙的恩人。他在附近的坎塔莱的婆罗门定居点度过了他的最后时光。

在1622年到1624年间，由于殖民地时期的宗教攻击，该寺庙被毁，废墟上建起了一座要塞。位于远离城市的1632年建成的寺庙保存了一些原始的偶像。全球的兴趣在考古学家和阿瑟·C·克拉克发现其水下和陆地遗址、雕塑以及乔拉青铜器之后被重新唤起。它通过1950年代的修复得以保存。在其全盛时期，它获得了周围村庄的所有权，以形成特林科马利区，而特林科马利村位于该地区的山岬内部。该寺庙的收入为当地居民提供服务和食物。

科内斯瓦朗寺 科内斯瓦朗寺 科内斯瓦朗寺

Trincomalee District

Trincomalee is a port city on the east coast of Sri Lanka. The Bay of Trincomalee's harbour is renowned for its large size and security; unlike every other in the Indian Sea, it is accessible to all types of craft in all weathers. The beaches are used for surfing, scuba diving, fishing and whale watching. The city also has the largest Dutch fort in Sri Lanka. It is home to major Sri Lankan naval bases and a Sri Lankan Air Force base.

Most of the Tamils and Sinhalese believe that this place is sacred to them and they are the indigenous people of the area. Trincomalee and its environs have both Hindu and Buddhist sites of historical importance. These sites are sacred to the Hindus and Buddhists.

Eastern Province

The Eastern Province is one of the 9 provinces of Sri Lanka. The provinces have existed since the 19th century but they didn't have any legal status until 1987 when the 13th Amendment to the 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka established provincial councils. Between 1988 and 2006 the province was temporarily merged with the Northern Province to form the North-East Province. The capital of the province is Trincomalee. The Eastern province's population was 1,460,939 in 2007. The province is the most diverse in Sri Lanka, both ethnically and religiously.

Eastern province has an area of 9,996 square kilometers (3,859.5 sq mi).The province is surrounded by the Northern Province to the north, the Bay of Bengal to the east, the Southern Province to the south, and the Uva, Central and North Central provinces to the west. The province's coast is dominated by lagoons, the largest being Batticaloa lagoon, Kokkilai lagoon, Upaar Lagoon and Ullackalie Lagoon.

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