班卡图瓦

Ibbankatuwa Ibbankatuwa Ibbankatuwa

Ibbankatuwa巨石墓地是一个古老的埋葬遗址,位于加勒韦拉DS、斯里兰卡的Ibbankatuwa水库附近。该遗址被认为属于斯里兰卡巨石文化的史前及原史时期,是该国发现的众多古代墓地之一。该地点位于库鲁内格勒—丹布勒公路上,距离丹布勒镇西南约五公里。目前,该墓地已被列为斯里兰卡的受保护考古遗址。

Ibbankatuwa墓地占地约13公顷,由属于巨石文化传统的石棺式墓葬组成。前考古专员Raja de Silva博士于1970年在此进行了首次发掘。随后在20世纪80年代末,包括考古研究生学院、中央文化基金以及德国KAVA(一般与比较考古学委员会)在内的本地及国际机构,于1988年和1990年进行了两次发掘工作。在这些发掘中发现了21个墓室的群体,并通过对现场发现的木炭进行放射性碳测定,确定该遗址可追溯至公元前600年。

2015年,中央文化基金对Ibbankatuwa墓地进行了进一步调查。此次调查包括对位于21个墓室群西侧的一块10米×10米区域进行发掘。在清除土壤后,遗址中又发现了47处额外的墓葬,其中26处为石制骨灰罐墓葬,即存放逝者骨灰的石质容器。

这些墓葬由墓室构成,有的为圆形,有的为长方形,由简单的花岗岩石板建造而成。一些墓室覆盖有顶石,内部放置着大小不一的陶器容器,数量从2到10个不等,用于存放逝者的骨灰。这些陶器容器形状和大小各异,分为两种类型,由红色或黑色陶土制成。此外,在这些墓葬中还发现了由铜和铁制成的金属器具,以及各种形状和材质的珠饰。

在发掘出的47处墓葬中,有21处为陶制骨灰罐墓葬。这类墓葬被称为骨灰罐葬。骨灰罐大小不一,由陶土制成,其中一些配有碗状盖子。在部分容器内部还发现了较小的器皿。

Ibbankatuwa遗址是迄今为止在斯里兰卡发现的最大墓地。根据石棺墓的分布范围,该遗址面积约为700米×400米。在距离墓地不远的Polwatta发现的人类居住遗址,是该国首次发现的早期铁器时代人类居住地与其配套墓地相结合的实例。

Ibbankatuwa Ibbankatuwa Ibbankatuwa

About Matale District

Matale is a town in the hill country of Sri Lanka. The Knuckles Mountain Range is a special landmark of Matale.The Matale administrative district also contains the historic Sigiriya rock castle, Aluvihare Temple and Dambulla Cave Temple . Surrounding the town are the Knuckles foothills called Wiltshire. It is a mainly agricultural area, where tea, rubber, vegetable and spice cultivation dominate.

The Aluvihare Temple, on the North side of the town, is the historic location where the Pali Canon was first written down completely in text on ola (palm) leaves. Situated near Aluvihare are numerous monastery caves, some of which exhibit fine frescoes.

About Central Province

The Central Province of Sri Lanka consists primarily of mountainous terrain. The province has an area of 5,674 km², and a population of 2,421,148. Some major towns include Kandy, Gampola (24,730), Nuwara Eliya and Bandarawela. The population is a mixture of Sinhalese, Tamil and the Moors.

Both the hill capital Kandy and the city of Nuwara Eliya are located within the Central Province as well as Sri Pada. The province produces much of the famous Ceylon tea, planted by the British in the 1860s after a devastating disease killed all the coffee plantations in the province. Central Province attracts many tourists, with hill station towns such as Kandy, Gampola, Hatton and Nuwara Eliya. Temple tooth or Dalada maligawa is the main sacred place in Centrel province.

The climate is cool, and many areas about 1500 meters often have chilly nights. The western slopes are very wet, some places having almost 7000 mm of rain per year. The eastern slopes are parts of the mid-dry zone as it is receiving rain only from North-Eastern monsoon. The Temperatures range from 24°C at Kandy to just 16°C in Nuwara Eliya, which is located 1,889 m above sea level. The highest mountains in Sri Lanka are located in the Central Province. The terrain is mostly mountainous, with deep valleys cutting into it. The two main mountain regions are the central massif and the Knuckles range to the east of Kandy.