ஆயுர்வேத மருத்துவ தாவரங்கள்

இலங்கையின் ஆயுர்வேத பாரம்பரியம் பல நூற்றாண்டுகளாகப் பயன்படுத்தப்படும் பல்வேறு வகையான மருத்துவ தாவரங்களைக் கொண்டுள்ளது. இலங்கை அதன் பூர்வீக அறிவையும் பல்வேறு வகையான மருத்துவ தாவரங்களையும் பயன்படுத்தி ஆயுர்வேத மருத்துவத்தில் ஒரு வளமான பாரம்பரியத்தைக் கொண்டுள்ளது. இலங்கையில் காணப்படும் சில குறிப்பிடத்தக்க ஆயுர்வேத மருத்துவ தாவரங்கள் இங்கே.

ஆயுர்வேத மற்றும் மூலிகை ஆயுர்வேத சுற்றுலா

Psophocarpus tetragonolobus

Belongs to family fabaceae. This crop can be grown in areas up to 2000m from mean sea level. Even though local selections of winged bean produced fruit in Maha due to photo sensitivity, new varieties have been developed to give yield throughout the year

Released Varieties

SLS 44

produces yield throughout the year. White coloured flowers. Pods are green coloured , weighing around 15g per pod. Seeds are cream coloured

Krishna

Gives a very high yield throughout the year. Flowers and pods are purple coloured while seeds are dark purple. Pods are about 27 cm long and gives the first yield in about 70 days after planting

Climatic requirements/ Areas suitable for cultivation

Temperature range from 18 – 32 oC is suitable for better performance. Can be grown in any area up to 2000m from mean sea level.

Soil

Well-draining sandy loam or clay loam soil with organic matter is ideal. But can be grown in sandy soils as well as clay soils

Seed requirement

21-23 kg /ha

Nursery Management

Direct seeding Plant seeds at the onset of rainy season or can do planting if there is enough irrigation facility.

Land preparation

Harrow the soil deeply and break soil. If water retains in soil, prepare high beds or ridges to plants seeds. Mark pits according to given recommendations.

Planting

Soak seeds in water for about 24 hours before planting for better germination. Better if can apply a fungicide like “Captan” as a seed treatment. Plant 3-4 seeds per pit. After 2 weeks of seedling emergence, keep 2 healthy plants and remove the rest

Training

Plant 7 ft. poles near pits for support of vines. Train the vines to poles

Spacing

75 cm x 60 cm between rows and plants respectively.

Fertilizer

Add 10t/ha of well decomposed organic matter. Additionally apply chemical fertilizer as recommended. Apply basal fertilizer 2-3 days before planting

Time of application	Urea kg/ha	TSP kg/ha	MOP kg/ha
Basal (02 days before planting)	45	215	65
Top Dressing One (4 weeks after planting)	20	-	-
Top Dressing One (10 weeks after planting)	20	-	-

Water Supply

Irrigate crops once a week in dry weather. In sandy soils irrigate the crops less frequency

Weed Control

The crop grows very slowly in early stages, therefore special attention should be given for weed control. Weed control is especially recommended at 1, 3, 5, 7,12th weeks after seed germination

Harvesting

Harvest pods every 3-4 days. First harvest of recommended varieties can be taken in 70-75 days. But most cultivated local varieties, this can take up to 90-100 days. Harvesting can be done 6-7 weeks from first harvesting.