Cymbopogon nardus (පැඟිරි)

  

Cymbopogon nardus, commonly known as citronella grass, is a perennial aromatic plant native to Sri Lanka and parts of Southeast Asia. It belongs to the Poaceae family and is known for its tall, tufted leaves and strong lemon-like fragrance. The plant thrives in warm, humid climates and is commonly cultivated in Sri Lanka for its essential oil content.

The leaves of Cymbopogon nardus are the primary source of citronella oil, a popular natural ingredient used in insect repellents, cosmetics, and household products. The oil is extracted through steam distillation and is rich in compounds such as citronellal, geraniol, and citronellol, which contribute to its strong scent and antimicrobial properties.

In traditional medicine, various parts of the plant have been used to treat fever, inflammation, and skin infections. The oil is also used in aromatherapy for its calming and uplifting effects, often helping to relieve stress, anxiety, and headaches. In addition to its therapeutic applications, citronella grass is planted around homes and gardens to naturally deter mosquitoes and other insects.

Cymbopogon nardus is not only valued for its practical uses but also for its role in sustainable agriculture. It is often cultivated by smallholder farmers in Sri Lanka, contributing to rural livelihoods while promoting the use of eco-friendly and natural products in global markets.